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<title>Covenant Code</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Covenant Code</span></span>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other meanings of 'Book of the Covenant', see <a href="Book_of_the_Covenant_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Book of the Covenant (disambiguation)">Book of the Covenant (disambiguation)</a>.</div>

<p>The <b>Covenant Code</b>, or <b>Book of the Covenant</b>, is the name given by academics to a text appearing in the <a href="Torah" title="Torah">Torah</a>, at <a href="Book_of_Exodus" title="Book of Exodus">Exodus</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0220.htm#22">20:22</a>–<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0223.htm#19">23:19</a>; or, more strictly, the term <i>Covenant Code</i> may be applied to Exodus 21:1–22:16.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Biblically, the text is the second of the law codes said to have been given to <a href="Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a> by <a href="God_in_Judaism" title="God in Judaism">God</a> at <a href="Biblical_Mount_Sinai" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblical Mount Sinai">Mount Sinai</a>. This legal text provides a small but substantive proportion of the <a href="Mitzvah" title="Mitzvah">mitzvot</a> (religious duties) within the Torah, and hence is a source of <a href="Jewish_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Law">Jewish Law</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academic_context">Academic context</h2></div>

<p>The date that the Covenant Code was composed, and the details of how it found its way into the Bible, continue to be debated. Most proponents of the <a href="Documentary_hypothesis" title="Documentary hypothesis">documentary hypothesis</a> associate it with either the <a href="Elohist" title="Elohist">Elohist</a> ("E") materials, or, less commonly, the <a href="Yahwist" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahwist">Yahwist</a> ("J") materials.<sup id="cite_ref-Seters2015_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Seters2015-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (These are two of the four sources of the classic documentary hypothesis, the other two being the Deuteronomic ("D") material and Priestly ("P") material.) According to Joel Baden, "The Covenant Code is a part of E; the priestly laws [of Leviticus and Numbers] are part of P; and the deuteronomic laws [of Deuteronomy 12–26] stand at the center of D."<sup id="cite_ref-Baden2012_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baden2012-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Regardless of precise positions on the process, scholars agree that the Covenant Code was produced by a long process in which it changed over time.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>A study of continuing importance is that of <a href="Albrecht_Alt" title="Albrecht Alt">Albrecht Alt</a>, who in 1934 published an analysis of the Covenant Code which hinges on the distinction between casuistic and apodictic law.<sup id="cite_ref-Westbrook16_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Westbrook16-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Covenant Code consists largely of case or casuistic law (often in the form of an "if-then" statement, in which specific situations are addressed),<sup id="cite_ref-Coogan424_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coogan424-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as for example Exodus 21:33–36. Apodictic laws (characterized by absolute or general commands or prohibitions, as in the Ten Commandments)<sup id="cite_ref-Coogan424_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coogan424-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on the other hand, also appear in the Covenant Code, for example in Exodus 21:17 ("Whoever curses father or mother shall be put to death").<sup id="cite_ref-Coogan110_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coogan110-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alt claimed, though some scholars disagree, that the apodictic laws were a feature only found in Israelite codes.<sup id="cite_ref-Westbrook16_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Westbrook16-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholars do, however, agree that the contrast between the apodictic and casuistic forms is a clue to how multiple sources of law were edited together into the Covenant Code,<sup id="cite_ref-Westbrook16_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Westbrook16-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although there remain disagreements over the precise details.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The form and content of the code is similar to many other codes from the Near East of the second <a href="Millennium" title="Millennium">millennium</a> BC.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also resembles the <a href="Babylon" title="Babylon">Babylonian</a> <a href="Code_of_Hammurabi" title="Code of Hammurabi">Code of Hammurabi</a>. According to many scholars including <a href="Martin_Noth" title="Martin Noth">Martin Noth</a> and <a href="Albrecht_Alt" title="Albrecht Alt">Albrecht Alt</a>, the covenant code probably originated as a civil code with the <a href="Canaanites" class="mw-redirect" title="Canaanites">Canaanites</a>, and was altered to add Hebrew religious practices. <a href="Michael_Coogan" title="Michael Coogan">Michael Coogan</a> sees a noticeable difference between the Covenant Code and the non-biblical codes like the Code of Hammurabi. The Covenant Code, like other biblical codes, differs from these by including among the laws dealing with criminal and civil matters various regulations concerning worship. Both, however, set the laws in an explicitly religious context.<sup id="cite_ref-Coogan110_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coogan110-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relationship_to_the_Ritual_Decalogue">Relationship to the Ritual Decalogue</h2></div>

<p>Some of the commandments in the Covenant Code overlap noticeably with the commandments in the <a href="Ritual_Decalogue" title="Ritual Decalogue">Ritual Decalogue</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Coogan2014_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coogan2014-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Robert Pfeiffer suggested that the Covenant Code is an expansion of the Ritual Decalogue.<sup id="cite_ref-SetersSeters2003_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SetersSeters2003-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carol Meyers holds that the direction of influence is in the opposite direction: that Exodus 34 borrows material from within the Covenant Code.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evident_values">Evident values</h2></div>

<p>The Covenant Code portrays the values of the society in which it was produced, some of which are different from Western twentieth-century values.

</p><p>With the ancient cultural view of women as property of men, the casuistic law regarding the seduced virgin in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://studylight.org/desk/?l=en&query=Exodus+22%3A16-17&section=0&translation=nrs&oq=&sr=1">Exodus 22:16–17</a> portrays a woman who, as the property of her father, has had her value diminished by the loss of her virginity. However, this law still calls for restitution to be paid by the man who seduced her. A second example comes from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://studylight.org/desk/?l=en&query=Exodus+21%3A20-21&section=0&translation=nrs&oq=Exodus%252022%3A16-17&new=1&sr=1&nb=ex&ng=22&ncc=22">Exodus 21:20–21</a>, which describes the punishment required for a slave owner who strikes his slave with a rod. If the slave survives their injuries no punishment is required because they do not have the same rights as Israelite males.<sup id="cite_ref-Coogan110_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coogan110-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In some instances, the values represented in the Covenant Code are more similar to present-day, Western values. Two examples include the placing of mothers on the same level as fathers in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://studylight.org/desk/?l=en&query=Exodus+21%3A15+%2C17&section=0&translation=nrs&oq=21%3A15%2520-%252017&new=1&sr=1">Exodus 21:15, 17</a>, and providing for special care of members of lesser social classes, including converts, widows and orphans (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://studylight.org/desk/?l=en&query=Exodus+22%3A21-22&section=0&translation=nrs&oq=Exodus%252021%3A15%2520%2C17&new=1&sr=1&nb=ex&ng=21&ncc=21">Exodus 22:21–22</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Coogan110_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coogan110-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Raymond Westbrook, "What is the Covenant Code?" in <i>Theory and Method in Biblical and Cuneiform Law: Revision, Interpolation and Development</i>, ed. B.M. Levinson (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1994), 15–36</span>

</li>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Van_Seters2015" class="citation book cs1">John Van Seters (24 September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=42-_CQAAQBAJ&pg=PA68"><i>The Pentateuch: A Social-Science Commentary</i></a>. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. <span class="nowrap">68–</span>69. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-567-65880-7</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Baden2012-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Baden2012_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFJoel_S._Baden2012" class="citation book cs1">Joel S. Baden (24 April 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Beg7LeeNGlkC"><i>The Composition of the Pentateuch: Renewing the Documentary Hypothesis</i></a>. Yale University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">26–</span>27. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-300-15263-0</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Raymond Westbrook, "What is the Covenant Code?" in <i>Theory and Method in Biblical and Cuneiform Law: Revision, Interpolation and Development</i>, ed. B.M. Levinson (Sheffield:

Sheffield Academic Press, 1994), 15.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Westbrook16-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Westbrook16_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Westbrook16_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Westbrook16_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Raymond Westbrook, "What is the Covenant Code?" in <i>Theory and Method in Biblical and Cuneiform Law: Revision, Interpolation and Development</i>, ed. B.M. Levinson (Sheffield:

Sheffield Academic Press, 1994), 16.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Coogan424-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Coogan424_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Coogan424_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Coogan, Michael D., <i>A Brief Introduction to the Old Testament</i>, Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 424</span>

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<li id="cite_note-Coogan110-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Coogan110_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Coogan110_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Coogan110_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Coogan110_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Coogan, pp. 109–110</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Raymond Westbrook, "What is the Covenant Code?" in <i>Theory and Method in Biblical and Cuneiform Law: Revision, Interpolation and Development</i>, ed. B.M. Levinson (Sheffield:

Sheffield Academic Press, 1994), 17–18.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSchniedewind2019" class="citation book cs1">Schniedewind, William M. (24 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oZKwDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA153"><i>The Finger of the Scribe: How Scribes Learned to Write the Bible</i></a>. Oxford University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">153–</span>156. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-19-005248-5</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Coogan2014-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Coogan2014_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_Coogan2014" class="citation book cs1">Michael Coogan (28 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jYQ6AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA45"><i>The Ten Commandments: A Short History of an Ancient Text</i></a>. Yale University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">44–</span>45. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-300-20700-2</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-SetersSeters2003-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SetersSeters2003_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Van_Seters2003" class="citation book cs1">John Van Seters (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IHo8DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA9"><i>A Law Book for the Diaspora: Revision in the Study of the Covenant Code</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p. 9. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-19-515315-6</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMeyers2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="Carol_Meyers" title="Carol Meyers">Meyers, Carol</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0QHHITXsyskC&q=Carol+Meyers+Exodus"><i>Exodus</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 258. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780521002912</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

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</style><div id="Book_of_Exodus222" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><b><a href="Book_of_Exodus" title="Book of Exodus">Book of Exodus</a></b></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chapters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a></li>

<li><a href="Israelites" title="Israelites">Israelites</a></li>

<li><a href="Aaron" title="Aaron">Aaron</a></li>

<li><a href="Bezalel" title="Bezalel">Bezalel</a></li>

<li><a href="Eliezer#The_son_of_Moses" title="Eliezer">Eliezer</a></li>

<li><a href="Gershom" title="Gershom">Gershom</a></li>

<li><a href="Jethro_(biblical_figure)" title="Jethro (biblical figure)">Jethro</a></li>

<li><a href="High_Priest_of_Israel" title="High Priest of Israel">High Priest of Israel</a></li>

<li><a href="Ithamar" title="Ithamar">Ithamar</a></li>

<li><a href="Marah_(Bible)" title="Marah (Bible)">Marah</a></li>

<li><a href="Miriam" title="Miriam">Miriam</a></li>

<li><a href="Nadab_and_Abihu" title="Nadab and Abihu">Nadab and Abihu</a></li>

<li><a href="Oholiab" title="Oholiab">Oholiab</a></li>

<li><a href="Pharaohs_in_the_Bible" title="Pharaohs in the Bible">Pharaoh</a></li>

<li><a href="Pharaoh's_daughter_(Exodus)" title="Pharaoh's daughter (Exodus)">Pharaoh's daughter</a></li>

<li><a href="Shiphrah_and_Puah" title="Shiphrah and Puah">Shiphrah and Puah</a></li>

<li><a href="Zipporah" title="Zipporah">Zipporah</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Aaron's_rod" title="Aaron's rod">Aaron's rod</a></li>

<li><a href="Ark_of_bulrushes" title="Ark of bulrushes">Ark of bulrushes</a></li>

<li><a href="Ark_of_the_Covenant" title="Ark of the Covenant">Ark of the Covenant</a></li>

<li><a href="Asherah_pole" title="Asherah pole">Asherah pole</a></li>

<li><a href="Bronze_laver" title="Bronze laver">Bronze laver</a></li>

<li><a href="Burning_bush" title="Burning bush">Burning bush</a></li>

<li><a href="Golden_calf" title="Golden calf">Golden calf</a></li>

<li><a href="Incense_offering" title="Incense offering">Incense offering</a></li>

<li><a href="Manna" title="Manna">Manna</a></li>

<li><a href="Mercy_seat" title="Mercy seat">Mercy seat</a></li>

<li><a href="Pillars_of_fire_and_cloud" title="Pillars of fire and cloud">Pillars of fire and cloud</a></li>

<li>Priestly clothing

<ul><li><a href="Priestly_breastplate" title="Priestly breastplate">breastplate</a></li>

<li><a href="Priestly_golden_head_plate" title="Priestly golden head plate">golden head plate</a></li>

<li><a href="Priestly_tunic" title="Priestly tunic">tunic</a></li>

<li><a href="Priestly_turban" title="Priestly turban">turban</a></li>

<li><a href="Priestly_undergarments" title="Priestly undergarments">undergarments</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Showbread" title="Showbread">Showbread</a></li>

<li><a href="Staff_of_Moses" title="Staff of Moses">Staff of Moses</a></li>

<li><a href="Tabernacle" title="Tabernacle">Tabernacle</a></li>

<li><a href="Tefillin" title="Tefillin">Tefillin</a></li>

<li><a href="Temple_menorah" title="Temple menorah">Temple menorah</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Biblical_Egypt" title="Biblical Egypt">Egypt</a></li>

<li><a href="Massah_and_Meribah" title="Massah and Meribah">Massah and Meribah</a></li>

<li><a href="Mount_Horeb" title="Mount Horeb">Mount Horeb</a></li>

<li><a href="Mount_Sinai_(Bible)" title="Mount Sinai (Bible)">Mount Sinai</a></li>

<li><a href="Stations_of_the_Exodus" title="Stations of the Exodus">Stations of the Exodus</a></li>

<li><a href="Pi-HaHiroth" title="Pi-HaHiroth">Pi-HaHiroth</a></li>

<li><a href="Pi-Ramesses" title="Pi-Ramesses">Pi-Ramesses</a></li>

<li><a href="Battle_of_Refidim" title="Battle of Refidim">Battle of Refidim</a></li>

<li><a href="Wilderness_of_Sin" title="Wilderness of Sin">Wilderness of Sin</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Weekly_Torah_portion" title="Weekly Torah portion">Torah readings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Shemot_(parashah)" title="Shemot (parashah)">Shemot</a></li>

<li><a href="Beshalach" title="Beshalach">Beshalach</a></li>

<li><a href="Yitro" title="Yitro">Yitro</a></li>

<li><a href="Mishpatim" title="Mishpatim">Mishpatim</a></li>

<li><a href="Terumah_(parashah)" title="Terumah (parashah)">Terumah</a></li>

<li><a href="Tetzaveh" title="Tetzaveh">Tetzaveh</a></li>

<li><a href="Ki_Tissa" title="Ki Tissa">Ki Tissa</a></li>

<li><a href="Vayakhel" title="Vayakhel">Vayakhel</a></li>

<li><a href="Pekudei" title="Pekudei">Pekudei</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Priestly_source" title="Priestly source">Priestly</a></li>

<li><a href="Jahwist" title="Jahwist">Jahwist</a></li>

<li><a href="Elohist" title="Elohist">Elohist</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Textual analysis</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Sources_and_parallels_of_the_Exodus" title="Sources and parallels of the Exodus">Sources and parallels</a></li>

<li><a href="Textual_variants_in_the_Book_of_Exodus" title="Textual variants in the Book of Exodus">Textual variations</a></li>

<li><a href="Exodus_Rabbah" title="Exodus Rabbah">Exodus Rabbah</a></li>

<li><a href="Mekhilta_of_Rabbi_Ishmael" title="Mekhilta of Rabbi Ishmael">Mekhilta of Rabbi Ishmael</a></li>

<li><a href="Mekhilta_of_Rabbi_Shimon_ben_Yochai" title="Mekhilta of Rabbi Shimon ben Yochai">Mekhilta of Rabbi Shimon ben Yochai</a></li>

<li><a href="Exodus_narrative_in_Antebellum_America" title="Exodus narrative in Antebellum America">In Antebellum America</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manuscripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Nash_Papyrus" title="Nash Papyrus">Nash Papyrus</a></li>

<li><a href="Papyrus_18" title="Papyrus 18">Papyrus 18</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Baal-zephon" title="Baal-zephon">Baal-zephon</a></li>

<li><a href="El_Shaddai" title="El Shaddai">El Shaddai</a></li>

<li><a href="Remember_the_sabbath_day%2C_to_keep_it_holy" title="Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy">Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy</a></li>

<li><a href="With_a_strong_hand_and_an_outstretched_arm" title="With a strong hand and an outstretched arm">With a strong hand and an outstretched arm</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="The_Exodus" title="The Exodus">The Exodus</a></li>

<li><a href="Plagues_of_Egypt" title="Plagues of Egypt">Plagues of Egypt</a></li>

<li><a href="Parting_of_the_Red_Sea" title="Parting of the Red Sea">Parting of the Red Sea</a></li>

<li><a href="Ten_Commandments" title="Ten Commandments">Ten Commandments</a></li>

<li><a href="Zipporah_at_the_inn" title="Zipporah at the inn">Zipporah at the inn</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2024-10-14" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Covenant_Code&oldid=1251175640">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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